{"id":2257,"date":"2025-02-19T15:54:58","date_gmt":"2025-02-19T12:54:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bilgisarayi.net\/?p=2257"},"modified":"2025-02-19T15:54:58","modified_gmt":"2025-02-19T12:54:58","slug":"kolestaz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/buradasin.com.tr\/kutuphane\/kolestaz\/","title":{"rendered":"Kolestaz"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Kolestaz<\/strong>, safra ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 veya durdurulmas\u0131d\u0131r. Karaci\u011fer, safra kanallar\u0131 veya pankreas hastal\u0131klar\u0131 kolestaza neden olabilir.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cKolestaz nas\u0131l olu\u015fur?\u201d Kolestazda safra ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 (karaci\u011fer taraf\u0131ndan \u00fcretilen sindirim s\u0131v\u0131s\u0131), karaci\u011fer h\u00fccreleri (safra olu\u015fturan) ve duodenum (ince ba\u011f\u0131rsa\u011f\u0131n ilk segmenti) aras\u0131ndaki herhangi bir noktada bozulur. Safra ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 durdu\u011funda, pigment bilirubin (eski veya hasar g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 kan h\u00fccreleri par\u00e7aland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda olu\u015fan at\u0131k bir \u00fcr\u00fcn) kan dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131na girer ve birikir. Normalde, bilirubin karaci\u011ferdeki safra ile ba\u011flan\u0131r, safra kanallar\u0131ndan sindirim yoluna ge\u00e7er ve v\u00fccuttan at\u0131l\u0131r. \u00c7o\u011fu bilirubin d\u0131\u015fk\u0131da yok edilir, ancak idrarda az miktarda yok edilir.<\/p>\n<h3>Kolestaz Sebepleri Nelerdir?<\/h3>\n<p>\u201cKolestaz neden olur?\u201d Sebepleri iki gruba ayr\u0131l\u0131r: Karaci\u011fer k\u00f6kenli olanlar ile karaci\u011fer d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kaynakl\u0131 olanlar.<\/p>\n<h4>Karaci\u011ferde:<\/h4>\n<p>Akut hepatit, alkoll\u00fc karaci\u011fer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131, enflamasyon ve safra yollar\u0131n\u0131n skarla\u015fmas\u0131 ile ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan primer biliyer siroz, viral hepatit B veya C vir\u00fcs\u00fcne (iltihaplanma ve safra yollar\u0131n\u0131n skarlasmas\u0131) ba\u011fl\u0131 siroz, ila\u00e7lar, gebelik s\u0131ras\u0131nda safra ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00fczerindeki hormonal etkiler (Gebelik kolestaz\u0131 ad\u0131 verilen bir hastal\u0131k) ve karaci\u011fere yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kansere neden olabilir.<\/p>\n<h4>Karaci\u011fer d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda:<\/h4>\n<p>Sebepler aras\u0131nda safra kanal\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131, safra kanal\u0131n\u0131n daralmas\u0131, safra yolu kanseri, pankreas kanseri ve pankreas iltihab\u0131 (pankreatit) bulunur.<\/p>\n<h3>Kolestaz Belirtileri Nelerdir?<\/h3>\n<p>Sar\u0131l\u0131k, koyu renkte idrar, a\u00e7\u0131k renkli d\u0131\u015fk\u0131 ve yayg\u0131n ka\u015f\u0131nt\u0131 kolestaz\u0131n karakteristik semptomlar\u0131d\u0131r. Sar\u0131l\u0131k; deride a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 bilirubin birikmesi sonucu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 ve koyu renkli idrarla b\u00f6breklerden at\u0131lan fazlal\u0131k bilir\u00fcbinden kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. Deride ka\u015f\u0131nt\u0131 olu\u015fur, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc muhtemelen safra \u00fcr\u00fcnleri deride birikir. Ka\u015f\u0131mak, deriye zarar verebilir. Bilirubinin ba\u011f\u0131rsak i\u00e7ine ge\u00e7i\u015fi engellendi\u011fi i\u00e7in d\u0131\u015fk\u0131 hafif\u00e7e renk alabilir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc d\u0131\u015fk\u0131yla v\u00fccuttan at\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nler. Safra, sindirimi kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in ba\u011f\u0131rsa\u011fa giremedi\u011finden d\u0131\u015fk\u0131 \u00e7ok fazla ya\u011f i\u00e7erebilir. Ya\u011fl\u0131 d\u0131\u015fk\u0131 k\u00f6t\u00fc kokulu olabilir.<\/p>\n<h3>Ayr\u0131ca Bak\u0131n\u0131z: Sar\u0131l\u0131k Belirtileri Nelerdir?<\/h3>\n<p>Ba\u011f\u0131rsakta safra eksikli\u011fi de kalsiyumun ve D vitamininin zay\u0131f emilimi oldu\u011fu anlam\u0131na gelir. Kolestaz devam ederse, bu besinlerin eksikli\u011fi kemik dokusunun kaybolmas\u0131na neden olabilir. Kan p\u0131ht\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli olan K vitamini de ba\u011f\u0131rsaklardan az emilir ve kolayca kanamaya e\u011filim g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n<p>Kolestaz hastal\u0131klar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 uzun s\u00fcredir devam eden sar\u0131l\u0131k, ciltte \u00e7amurlu bir cilt rengi ve ya\u011fl\u0131 sar\u0131 birikintiler olu\u015fturur. \u0130nsanlarda kar\u0131n a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, i\u015ftahs\u0131zl\u0131k, kusma veya ate\u015flenme gibi ba\u015fka semptomlar olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kolestaz\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kma nedenine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3>Kolestaz Te\u015fhisi ve Tan\u0131 Kriterleri<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Kolestaz tan\u0131s\u0131 kriterleri \u015funlar\u0131 i\u00e7erir:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Doktor de\u011ferlendirmesi<\/li>\n<li>Kan tahlilleri<\/li>\n<li>Kan testi sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 anormal ise, g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme testi, genellikle ultrasonografi<\/li>\n<li>Bazen bir karaci\u011fer biyopsisi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Sar\u0131l\u0131k ge\u00e7iren birinde kolestaz \u015f\u00fcphesi varsa; doktor nedenin semptomlar ve fizik muayene sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na dayanarak karaci\u011ferin i\u00e7inde mi, yoksa d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda m\u0131 oldu\u011funu belirlemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Kolestaza neden olabilecek ila\u00e7lar\u0131n son zamanlarda kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, karaci\u011fer i\u00e7inde ba\u015flayan bir nedene i\u015faret eder. Deride g\u00f6r\u00fclen k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6r\u00fcmcek benzeri kan damarlar\u0131 (\u00f6r\u00fcmcek anjiyomlar\u0131), dalak b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi ve kar\u0131n i\u00e7inde karaci\u011ferde biriken s\u0131v\u0131, kronik karaci\u011fer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirtileri olarak da karaci\u011ferde bir neden oldu\u011funa i\u015faret eder.<\/p>\n<p>Karaci\u011fer d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir nedene i\u015faret eden bulgular, kar\u0131n a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n belirli t\u00fcrleri (kar\u0131n sa\u011f \u00fcst k\u0131sm\u0131nda ve bazen sa\u011f omuzda aral\u0131kl\u0131 a\u011fr\u0131 gibi) ve b\u00fcy\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f safra kesesi i\u00e7erir (fizik muayene s\u0131ras\u0131nda hissedilir veya g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme testleri ile saptan\u0131r).<\/p>\n<p>Baz\u0131 bulgular, sebebin karaci\u011fer i\u00e7inde mi yoksa d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda m\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermez. Bunlar, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 alkol t\u00fcketimi, i\u015ftahs\u0131zl\u0131k, mide bulant\u0131s\u0131 ve kusmay\u0131 i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n<p>Genellikle kolestaz hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan insanlarda \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek olan iki kolestaz enzimleri d\u00fczeyini (alkalin fosfataz ve gamma-glutamil transpeptidaz) \u00f6l\u00e7mek i\u00e7in kan testleri yap\u0131l\u0131r. Bilirubinin seviyesini \u00f6l\u00e7en bir kan testi, kolestaz\u0131n \u015fiddetini g\u00f6sterir. Ancak, sebebini g\u00f6stermez.<\/p>\n<p>Kolestaz tetkikleri aras\u0131nda yer alan g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme testleri, genellikle ultrasonografi, kan testi sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 anormal ise hemen hemen her zaman yap\u0131l\u0131r. Bilgisayarl\u0131 tomografi (BT) veya bazen manyetik rezonans g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme (MR) ultrasonografiye ek olarak veya ultrasonografi yerine yap\u0131labilir. Sebep karaci\u011ferde g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyorsa, karaci\u011fer biyopsisi yap\u0131labilir ve genellikle tan\u0131 konulur.<\/p>\n<p>Sebep safra yollar\u0131n\u0131n t\u0131kanmas\u0131 gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyorsa, genellikle bu kanallar\u0131n daha kesin g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerine ihtiya\u00e7 duyulur. Tipik olarak, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakilerden biri yap\u0131l\u0131r:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Endoskopik retrograd kolanjiopankreatografi (ERCP)<\/li>\n<li>Manyetik rezonans kolanjiopankreatografi (MRCP)<\/li>\n<li>Endoskopik ultrasonografi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Kolestaz Tedavisi<\/h3>\n<p>\u201cKolestaz nas\u0131l tedavi edilir?\u201d tedavi se\u00e7enekleri \u015funlar\u0131 i\u00e7erebilir:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Safra yolu t\u0131kan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in ameliyat veya endoskopi<\/li>\n<li>Karaci\u011ferdeki t\u0131kan\u0131kl\u0131klar i\u00e7in nedenine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak \u00e7e\u015fitli tedaviler<\/li>\n<li>Ka\u015f\u0131nt\u0131 i\u00e7in kolestiramin<\/li>\n<li>Safra yollar\u0131n\u0131n t\u0131kan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 cerrahi veya endoskopi ile tedavi edilebilir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Karaci\u011ferdeki t\u0131kan\u0131kl\u0131k, nedenine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak \u00e7e\u015fitli \u015fekillerde tedavi edilebilir. \u015e\u00fcpheli neden bir ila\u00e7 ise, doktor kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 durdurur. Akut hepatit nedeni ise, kolestaz ve sar\u0131l\u0131k genellikle hepatit seyrini tamamlad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kaybolur. Kolestazl\u0131 insanlara, alkol ve baz\u0131 ila\u00e7lar gibi karaci\u011fer zehirli herhangi bir maddenin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek veya verilmemesi \u00f6nerilir.<\/p>\n<p>Ka\u015f\u0131nt\u0131 tedavisinde a\u011f\u0131zdan al\u0131nan kolestiramin kullan\u0131labilir. Bu ila\u00e7 ba\u011f\u0131rsakta bulunan baz\u0131 safra \u00fcr\u00fcnleri ile ba\u011flan\u0131r. Bu nedenle, deriyi tahri\u015f etmek i\u00e7in yeniden absorbe edilemezler.<\/p>\n<p>Karaci\u011fer ciddi hasar g\u00f6rmedik\u00e7e, K vitamini almak kan p\u0131ht\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 iyile\u015ftirebilir.<\/p>\n<p>Kolestaz devam ederse, kalsiyum ve D vitamini takviyeleri s\u0131kl\u0131kla al\u0131n\u0131r. Ancak, kemik dokusunun kaybolmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemede \u00e7ok etkili de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n  <div class=\"related-post grid\">\r\n      <div class=\"post-list \">\r\n\r\n            <div class=\"item\">\r\n          \r\n  <a class=\"title post_title\"  title=\"Saat Neden Sol Kola Tak\u0131l\u0131r?\" href=\"https:\/\/buradasin.com.tr\/kutuphane\/saat-neden-sol-kola-takilir-2\/\">\r\n        Saat Neden Sol Kola Tak\u0131l\u0131r?  <\/a>\r\n\r\n        <\/div>\r\n              <div class=\"item\">\r\n          \r\n  <a class=\"title post_title\"  title=\"K\u00f6stekli Saat Nedir?\" href=\"https:\/\/buradasin.com.tr\/kutuphane\/kostekli-saat-nedir\/\">\r\n        K\u00f6stekli Saat Nedir?  <\/a>\r\n\r\n        <\/div>\r\n      \r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  <script>\r\n      <\/script>\r\n  <style>\r\n    .related-post {}\r\n\r\n    .related-post .post-list {\r\n      text-align: left;\r\n          }\r\n\r\n    .related-post .post-list .item {\r\n      margin: 10px;\r\n      padding: 0px;\r\n          }\r\n\r\n    .related-post .headline {\r\n      font-size: 18px !important;\r\n      color: #0b244c !important;\r\n          }\r\n\r\n    .related-post .post-list .item .post_title {\r\n      font-size: 16px;\r\n      color: #080f35;\r\n      margin: 10px 0px;\r\n      padding: 0px;\r\n      display: block;\r\n      text-decoration: none;\r\n          }\r\n\r\n    .related-post .post-list .item .post_thumb {\r\n      max-height: 220px;\r\n      margin: 10px 0px;\r\n      padding: 0px;\r\n      display: block;\r\n          }\r\n\r\n    .related-post .post-list .item .post_excerpt {\r\n      font-size: 13px;\r\n      color: #050b21;\r\n      margin: 10px 0px;\r\n      padding: 0px;\r\n      display: block;\r\n      text-decoration: none;\r\n          }\r\n\r\n    @media only screen and (min-width: 1024px) {\r\n      .related-post .post-list .item {\r\n        width: 45%;\r\n      }\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    @media only screen and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1023px) {\r\n      .related-post .post-list .item {\r\n        width: 90%;\r\n      }\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    @media only screen and (min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 767px) {\r\n      .related-post .post-list .item {\r\n        width: 90%;\r\n      }\r\n    }\r\n\r\n      <\/style>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kolestaz, safra ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 veya durdurulmas\u0131d\u0131r. Karaci\u011fer, safra kanallar\u0131 veya pankreas hastal\u0131klar\u0131 kolestaza neden olabilir. \u201cKolestaz nas\u0131l olu\u015fur?\u201d Kolestazda safra ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 (karaci\u011fer taraf\u0131ndan \u00fcretilen sindirim s\u0131v\u0131s\u0131), karaci\u011fer h\u00fccreleri (safra olu\u015fturan) ve duodenum (ince ba\u011f\u0131rsa\u011f\u0131n ilk segmenti) aras\u0131ndaki herhangi bir noktada bozulur. Safra ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 durdu\u011funda, pigment bilirubin (eski veya hasar g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 kan h\u00fccreleri par\u00e7aland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda olu\u015fan [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2257","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-saglik"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradasin.com.tr\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2257","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradasin.com.tr\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradasin.com.tr\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradasin.com.tr\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradasin.com.tr\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2257"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/buradasin.com.tr\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2257\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":51609,"href":"https:\/\/buradasin.com.tr\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2257\/revisions\/51609"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradasin.com.tr\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2257"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradasin.com.tr\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2257"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradasin.com.tr\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2257"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}