{"id":28381,"date":"2025-02-11T17:58:25","date_gmt":"2025-02-11T14:58:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.e-kutuphane.com.tr\/?p=28381"},"modified":"2025-03-04T05:10:16","modified_gmt":"2025-03-04T02:10:16","slug":"nigde","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/buradasin.com.tr\/kutuphane\/nigde\/","title":{"rendered":"Ni\u011fde"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/span>GENEL B\u0130LG\u0130LER<\/span><\/h2>\n

Ni\u011fde \u0130li \u00fclkemizin i\u00e7 Anadolu b\u00f6lgesinin g\u00fcneydo\u011fusundad\u0131r. Rak\u0131m\u0131 1.229 m olan Ni\u011fde ilinin 2000 y\u0131l\u0131 N\u00fcfus say\u0131mlar\u0131na g\u00f6re genel n\u00fcfus toplam\u0131 348.081\u2019dir. Aksaray, Nev\u015fehir, Kayseri ve Konya illerine kom\u015fu olan Ni\u011fde, g\u00fcneyde Bolkar da\u011flar\u0131 ile \u0130\u00e7el ilinden, g\u00fcneydo\u011fu ve do\u011fudan Alada\u011flar\u2019\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu do\u011fal s\u0131n\u0131rlar ile de Adana ilinden ayr\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00c7amard\u0131 ve Uluk\u0131\u015fla il\u00e7eleri ise Akdeniz b\u00f6lgesinde kalmaktad\u0131r. Termal kaynaklar\u0131, \u00f6ren yerleri, do\u011fal g\u00fczellikleri, da\u011f ve k\u0131\u015f turizm olanaklar\u0131 ve zengin tarihi doku, bu g\u00fczel kenti turizm merkezi yapabilecek \u00f6nemli unsurlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Halk\u0131n esas ge\u00e7im kayna\u011f\u0131 tar\u0131m ve hayvanc\u0131l\u0131kt\u0131r. Ni\u011fde Merkez Organize Sanayi, Bor Deri Organize Sanayi ve Birko Koyunlu A.\u015e. hal\u0131 fabrikas\u0131 ve di\u011fer sanayi kollar\u0131 Ni\u011fde halk\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli istihdam alanlar\u0131d\u0131r. Elma a\u011fac\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131nda Ni\u011fde ili \u00fclke s\u0131ralamas\u0131nda ilk s\u0131rada yer al\u0131r. \u00dclke genelinde patates \u00fcretiminin ise % 25\u2019lik b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc bu ilde \u00fcretilir. Geleneksel el sanatlar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan Ni\u011fde \u00f6nemli bir ildir. Ni\u011fde ilinde \u00fcretilen hal\u0131lar d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkesinde m\u00fc\u015fteri bulmaktad\u0131r. Ba\u015fkent Ankara\u2019ya yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kapadokya b\u00f6lgesinde olmas\u0131, tarihi de\u011ferleri ve do\u011fal g\u00fczellikleri bu g\u00fczel Anadolu kentini ayr\u0131cal\u0131kl\u0131 k\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Ecemi\u015f Suyu, Ulu Irmak \u00f6nemli akarsulard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ni\u011fde ilinin Merkez il\u00e7e, Altunhisar, Bor, \u00c7amard\u0131, \u00c7iftlik ve Uluk\u0131\u015fla olmak \u00fczere 6 il\u00e7esi mevcuttur. Bor il\u00e7esindeki organize deri sanayi, \u00c7amard\u0131 il\u00e7esindeki da\u011f evi ve Uluk\u0131\u015fla il\u00e7esindeki termal kapl\u0131ca turizmi Ni\u011fde ilinin ekonomik ve sosyal geli\u015fimine \u00f6nemli katk\u0131lar sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

<\/span>TAR\u0130H\u00c7E<\/span><\/h2>\n

Ni\u011fde\u2019nin antik ad\u0131 \u201cNAH\u0130TA<\/strong>\u201dd\u0131r. Kaletepe Obsidyen at\u00f6lyelerinde ele ge\u00e7en buluntular M.\u00d6. 600 bin y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine dayanmaktad\u0131r. Kaletepe Obsidyen at\u00f6lyesi, Bah\u00e7eli-K\u00f6\u015fk H\u00f6y\u00fck, \u00c7iftlik – Tepecik H\u00f6y\u00fck, P\u0131narba\u015f\u0131 H\u00f6y\u00fck ve \u00c7amard\u0131 – Kestel\u2019de ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan Kalay Maden Oca\u011f\u0131 ile Madenci K\u00f6y\u00fc G\u00f6ltepe\u2019de yap\u0131lan kaz\u0131lar, Ni\u011fde\u2019de yerle\u015fik ya\u015fam\u0131n g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczden 10 bin y\u0131l \u00f6ncesinde ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bu ya\u015fam\u0131n kesintisiz olarak s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n

Asur ve Hitit yaz\u0131l\u0131 belgeleri ile Porsuk H\u00f6y\u00fck\u2019te yap\u0131lan kaz\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda b\u00f6lgenin M.\u00d6. 1.800\u2019den itibaren ba\u015flayarak 1000 y\u0131l s\u00fcreyle Hititler\u2019in h\u00e2kimiyetinde kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. M.\u00d6. 710\u2019da Asurlular\u2019\u0131n Hitit egemenli\u011fine son vermesiyle b\u00f6lge Asurlular\u2019a daha sonrada Frigler\u2019e ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. M.\u00d6. 17 y\u0131l\u0131nda Romal\u0131lar\u2019\u0131n b\u00f6lgeye geli\u015fine kadar, Medler, Persler, \u0130skender\u2019in Helenistik Kapadokya Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Bergama Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgede ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

M.S. 395 y\u0131l\u0131nda Roma \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131nca Ni\u011fde, Do\u011fu Roma (Bizans) topraklar\u0131
\ni\u00e7inde kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcrk\u2019lerin 1.071\u2019de Anadolu\u2019ya geli\u015fi ile ba\u015flayan Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti egemenli\u011fi 1308 y\u0131l\u0131na dek s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. 1.470 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun kesin h\u00e2kimiyetine giren b\u00f6lge Cumhuriyet d\u00f6nemine kadar gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

<\/span>Ni\u011fde Gezilecek Yerler<\/span><\/h2>\n

<\/span>N\u0130\u011eDE M\u00dcZES\u0130<\/span><\/h3>\n

Bir \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu B\u00f6lgesi kenti olan Ni\u011fde, Paleolitik \u00e7a\u011fdan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze de\u011fin kesintisiz bir yerle\u015fime tan\u0131k olmu\u015ftur. Bu binlerce y\u0131ll\u0131k k\u00fclt\u00fcr birikiminin olu\u015fumunda onlarca topluluklar\u0131n ve uygarl\u0131klar\u0131n katk\u0131s\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bu k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve medeniyetlerin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu \u00e7ok zengin ve \u00fcnik eserlerin; onar\u0131lmas\u0131, tan\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 ve muhafaza edilmesi hi\u00e7 ku\u015fkusuz m\u00fczelerle m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bu ba\u011flamda, Ni\u011fde M\u00fczesi Anadolu arkeolojisini \u00e7ok zengin ve \u00fcnik eserlerle temsil etmektedir.<\/p>\n

Ni\u011fde\u2019de ilk m\u00fczecilik faaliyetleri 1939 y\u0131l\u0131nda Akmedrese\u2019de ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. II. D\u00fcnya sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda, \u0130stanbul Arkeoloji M\u00fczeleri\u2019nin deposu olarak kullan\u0131lan medrese, 1957 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ni\u011fde M\u00fczesi\u2019nin kurulmas\u0131yla onar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, te\u015fhir-tanzimi yap\u0131larak ziyarete a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1977 y\u0131l\u0131nda yeni binas\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131nan m\u00fczenin 20 Kas\u0131m 1982 y\u0131l\u0131nda da ilk te\u015fhirtanzimi yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu durum 16 \u015eubat 1999 tarihine kadar s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Kaz\u0131lardan gelen yo\u011fun ve \u00fcnik eserlerin sergilenme ihtiyac\u0131 ve \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f bir anlay\u0131\u015fla ya\u015fayan m\u00fcze tarz\u0131nda yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken sergileme m\u00fczedeki, onar\u0131m ve te\u015fhir-tanzim \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n tamamlanmas\u0131ndan sonra, 20 Kas\u0131m 2001 tarihinde, yeniden hizmete sunulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Yap\u0131lan son te\u015fhir-tanzimi ile bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zca \u201c2003 YILINDA AVRUPA\u2019DA YILIN M\u00dcZES\u0130<\/strong>\u201d ne aday g\u00f6sterilmi\u015f, Almanya ve Fransa\u2019dan gelen komite \u00fcyeleri taraf\u0131ndan elemeyi ge\u00e7mi\u015f ancak \u00f6d\u00fcl alamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu y\u0131lda ABD D\u00fcnya K\u00fclt\u00fcr Miras\u0131n\u0131 Koruma Fonu m\u00fczemizi pilot m\u00fcze se\u00e7mi\u015f olup, proje d\u00e2hilinde t\u00fcm eserlerin dijital ortama aktar\u0131larak yeniden yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ama\u00e7lanmaktad\u0131r. Bu uygulama T\u00fcrkiye m\u00fczelerinde ileriye d\u00f6n\u00fck \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara \u00f6rnek te\u015fkil edecektir.<\/p>\n

Ni\u011fde M\u00fczesi\u2019nde, Orta Anadolu arkeolojisinin kronolojik d\u00fczenle sunuldu\u011fu 6 te\u015fhir salonu bulunmaktad\u0131r. Eserlerin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu b\u00f6lgede yap\u0131lmakta olan kaz\u0131lardan elde edilen buluntulardan olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

<\/span>N\u0130\u011eDE KALES\u0130<\/span><\/h3>\n

Ni\u011fde Kalesi,<\/strong> bir h\u00f6y\u00fck olan Alaaddin Tepesi\u2019nin kuzey k\u0131sm\u0131 \u00fczerine in\u015fa edilmi\u015ftir. \u0130n\u015fa kitabesi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in yap\u0131m tarihini kesin olarak bilemiyoruz. Muhtemelen IX. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Bizansl\u0131lar zaman\u0131nda in\u015faa edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Esas \u015feklini ise Anadolu Sel\u00e7uklu h\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar\u0131 II. K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7arslan (1155\u20131192), II. R\u00fcknettin S\u00fcleyman \u015eah (1196\u20131204) ve I. Al\u00e2eddin Keykubat (1220\u20131237) d\u00f6nemlerinde alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yap\u0131, i\u00e7 kale ile onu \u00e7evreleyen ve konut alanlar\u0131n\u0131ku\u015fata n kal\u0131n bir surla d\u0131\u015f kaleden olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u00e7 kale ve surlar, \u015fehrin do\u011fu taraf\u0131nda yer alan ve fazla y\u00fcksek olmayan, kuzey-g\u00fcney do\u011frultusunda uzanan tepenin \u00fczerine in\u015fa edilmi\u015ftir. Bu tepeye daha sonra \u00fczerinde bulunan Al\u00e2eddin Camii\u2019nden dolay\u0131 \u201cAl\u00e2eddin Tepesi\u201d ad\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir. Kale bug\u00fcn fonksiyonunu kaybetmi\u015f olup; burada i\u00e7 kale, Al\u00e2eddin Camii (1223) Hat\u0131ro\u011flu \u00c7e\u015fmesi (1267\u201368) ve Rahmaniye Camii (1747) ile Al\u00e2eddin Tepesi bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kalenin eteklerine sonradan ev ve d\u00fckk\u00e2nlar yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Cumhuriyet d\u00f6neminde hapishane olarak kullan\u0131lan kalede g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde haz\u0131rlanan proje onay\u0131ndan sonra, r\u00f6l\u00f6ve, restit\u00fcsyon, restorasyon ve \u00c7evre D\u00fczenlemesi Projeleri\u2019nin<\/p>\n

<\/span>SAAT KULES\u0130<\/span><\/h3>\n

Ni\u011fde\u2019de i\u00e7 kalenin g\u00fcneybat\u0131 k\u00f6\u015fesindeki burcun yar\u0131s\u0131 y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131p i\u00e7i doldurularak, \u00fcst\u00fcne Saat Kulesi (1901\u20132) yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. D\u0131\u015ftan minare g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcnde olan saat kulesi, d\u00f6rt b\u00f6l\u00fcmden olu\u015fur. Kaide
\nve g\u00f6vde ongen planl\u0131d\u0131r. Saat kulesi yapma gelene\u011fi Avrupa\u2019da XIV. yy.da ba\u015flamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131nda XVIII. yy\u2019 da g\u00f6r\u00fclmeye ba\u015flar.<\/p>\n

Anadolu\u2019da ilk \u00f6rneklerine XIX. yy. ba\u015f\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Sultan Abd\u00fclhamit<\/a>\u2019in tahta \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n 25.y\u0131l\u0131nda (1901\u20132) valilere g\u00f6nderilen fermanla Anadolu\u2019da saat kulesi yapma gelene\u011fi h\u0131zlan\u0131r. Zaman\u0131n mimari \u00fcslubunu yans\u0131tan saat kulelerinden yaln\u0131zca elli (50) tane g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze gelmi\u015ftir. \u015eehir ve kasabalar\u0131 s\u00fcsleyen birer an\u0131t olan saat kuleleri, kentin en y\u00fcksek yerine ya da her yerden g\u00f6r\u00fclen alanlara yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Gelenek ve g\u00f6renekler toplumda bireylerin birle\u015ftirici ruhudur. Geleneksel El Sanatlar\u0131 ise bu ruha ayr\u0131 bir zenginlik katmaktad\u0131r. Ni\u011fde Kalesi\u2019nin kapal\u0131 mekanlar\u0131ndaki Geleneksel Ya\u015fam Sergileri, yerli ve yasanc\u0131 ziyaret\u00e7iler taraf\u0131ndan<\/p>\n

<\/span>G\u00dcM\u00dc\u015eLER MANASTIRI<\/span><\/h3>\n

Manast\u0131r\u0131n yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fler kasabas\u0131n\u0131n Orta \u00e7a\u011fdaki ad\u0131 ve tarihi hakk\u0131nda d\u00f6nem kayna\u011f\u0131 bulunmamaktad\u0131r. B\u00fcy\u00fck bir kaya kilisenin i\u00e7ine oyulan manast\u0131r Kapadokya b\u00f6lgesindeki g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze iyi korunarak gelmi\u015f ve en b\u00fcy\u00fck manast\u0131rlardan birisidir.<\/p>\n

Kapadokya\u2019da kayaya oyulmu\u015f pek \u00e7ok manast\u0131r bulunmaktad\u0131r ve baz\u0131 bilim adamlar\u0131 bunlar\u0131 yemekhaneli (trapezal\u0131) ve a\u00e7\u0131k avlulu olmak \u00fczere iki grupta ele almaktad\u0131rlar. G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fler Manast\u0131r\u0131 ikinci grup d\u00e2hilindedir. Manast\u0131r\u0131n en \u00f6nemli yap\u0131s\u0131, kompleksin kuzeyinde yer alan kilisedir. D\u00f6rt serbest destekli kapal\u0131 Yunan ha\u00e7\u0131 planl\u0131 kilisenin kuzey ha\u00e7 kolunun kuzeyinde iki mezar ni\u015fi, naosun bat\u0131s\u0131nda be\u015fik tonoz \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc iki giri\u015f mek\u00e2n\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Manast\u0131r da yer alan di\u011fer mek\u00e2nlar\u0131n pek \u00e7o\u011funun i\u015flevi bilinmemektedir. Kilisenin duvar resimlerinde en az \u00fc\u00e7 farkl\u0131 ustan\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir. Ana apsisteki \u00fc\u00e7 \u015ferit halindeki resimlerin en \u00fcst\u00fcndeki tahtta \u0130sa, sa\u011f\u0131nda iki melek, \u0130ncil yazarlar\u0131n\u0131n sembolleri ile Desis sahnesinde yer alan Meryem ve havariler, en alttaki \u015feritte ise Kayserili B\u00fcy\u00fck Basileios, Nysa\u2019l\u0131 Gregorios, Nazians\u2019l\u0131 Gregorios gibi kilise babalar\u0131n\u0131n resimleya ve Aziz Stephanos fi g\u00fcrleri ikinci bir sanat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n elinden \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f olmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130\u00e7 narteksten naosa giri\u015f kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcneyindeki Meryem ve \u00e7ocuk \u0130sa ile iki yanlar\u0131ndaki ba\u015f melekler Gabriel ve Mikael fi g\u00fcrleri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc sanat\u00e7\u0131ya aittir. Narteksin \u00fcst\u00fcndeki bir odan\u0131n duvarlar\u0131nda Kapadokya\u2019da \u00f6rne\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmeyen, av sahneleri, \u00e7e\u015fitli hayvanlardan olu\u015fan bir kompozisyon dikkat \u00e7ekmektedir. Kapadokya\u2019daki pek \u00e7ok kilisede oldu\u011fu gibi, G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fler Manast\u0131r\u0131nda da duvar resimlerinin ikonografi k ve \u00fcslup \u00f6zelliklerine g\u00f6re tarihlendirme yap\u0131labilmektedir. Kilisedeki resimlerin bu \u00f6zellikleri ve kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmeler y\u00f6ntemi ile 11.\/12. yy.lara tarihlendirmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

<\/span>TYANA \u00d6REN YER\u0130<\/span><\/h3>\n

Antik Tyana \u00f6ren yeri, Bor il\u00e7esi, Kemerhisar kasabas\u0131ndad\u0131r. \u00d6ren yeri, Kemerhisar kasabas\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn alt\u0131nda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kasaban\u0131n muhtelif yerlerinde \u00e7e\u015fitli durumlarda bulunan \u00f6nemli heykelt\u0131ra\u015fl\u0131k eserler ve \u00f6ren yerinde yap\u0131lan bilimsel kaz\u0131lar neticesinde \u00e7\u0131kan eserler ve mimari par\u00e7alar Ni\u011fde M\u00fczesi\u2019nde sergilenmektedir.<\/p>\n

Bah\u00e7eli kasabas\u0131nda bulunan ve Roma havuzu ad\u0131yla adland\u0131r\u0131lan antik havuza hayat veren kaynak suyunun Roma devrinde yap\u0131lan kemerlerle ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik olu\u015fturulan kemerlerden dolay\u0131 kasaba Kemerhisar ad\u0131n\u0131 alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Roma havuzundan itibaren Kemerhisar kasabas\u0131 i\u00e7lerine kadar ki b\u00f6l\u00fcmde kemerler toprak alt\u0131ndad\u0131r. Kalan b\u00f6l\u00fcmdeki ve kaz\u0131 alan\u0131na kadar olan kemerler ise toprak \u00fczerindedir. Halen b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ayakta bulunan su kemerleriyle Roma havuzundan \u015fehre su ta\u015f\u0131nmaktayd\u0131. Su kemerleri M.S. II-III. yy\u2019lara aittir. Tyana \u00d6ren yeri I. II. ve III. Dereceli arkeolojik sit alan\u0131 olarak koruma alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tarih \u00f6ncesinden Hititler\u2019in y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131na de\u011fin pek \u00e7ok uygarl\u0131\u011fa mek\u00e2n olan Kemerhisar (Tyana), Hititler d\u00f6neminde Tuwanuwa, Roma\u2019da ise Tyana olarak tan\u0131n\u0131yor. Tuwanuwa Ge\u00e7 Hitit d\u00f6neminin ba\u015fkentidir. \u00dcnl\u00fc kral Warpalawa \u0130.\u00d6. 738\u2013715 y\u0131llar\u0131nda bu kentte h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

M.\u00d6.30-M.S. 395 y\u0131llar\u0131n\u0131 kapsayan Roma d\u00f6neminde, Kemerhisar (Tyana) yo\u011fun yap\u0131la\u015fma ile tarihinin en \u00f6nemli evresini ya\u015fad\u0131. Antik kent saraylarla, tap\u0131naklarla, su kemerleriyle ve yerle\u015fim birimleriyle b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kent konumuna geldi. Tyana\u2019n\u0131n en parlak d\u00f6nemi hi\u00e7 ku\u015fkusuz Roma \u00e7a\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6nemde iki kez G\u00fcney Kapadokya Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015fkentli\u011fini yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Antik Tyana kentinde 2000 y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri bir \u0130talyan ekip taraf\u0131ndan bilimsel kaz\u0131lar s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n

<\/span>K\u00d6\u015eK H\u00d6Y\u00dcK<\/span><\/h3>\n

Ni\u011fde ili, Bah\u00e7eli beldesinde Roma havuzunun do\u011fusundaki kayal\u0131k yama\u00e7 \u00fczerinde yer alan K\u00f6\u015fk H\u00f6y\u00fck\u2019te, 1981 y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri Ankara \u00dcniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-co\u011frafya Fak\u00fcltesi Arkeoloji B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ve Ni\u011fde M\u00fczesi arkeologlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclen kaz\u0131lar, Bor ovas\u0131n\u0131n en eski tar\u0131m ve hayvanc\u0131l\u0131kla u\u011fra\u015fan toplumunun (M.\u00d6.6050\u20134911) bu alana yerle\u015fti\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Be\u015f tabaka halindeki yerle\u015fimin ilk d\u00f6rt tabakas\u0131 Ge\u00e7 Neolitik, en ge\u00e7 tabakas\u0131 ise Erken Kalkolitik devre aittir. Neolitik d\u00f6nemde gereksinime g\u00f6re geni\u015fletilen \u00e7ok odal\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck mek\u00e2nlardan olu\u015fan mimari mevcuttur. Kalkolitik d\u00f6nemde ise sokaklar\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcne s\u0131ralanan biti\u015fik d\u00fczendeki konutlar belli bir plana g\u00f6re in\u015fa edilmi\u015ftir. Bu d\u00f6nem insanlar\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fclerini konutlar\u0131n taban\u0131na g\u00f6md\u00fckleri anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. K\u00f6\u015fk H\u00f6y\u00fck\u2019te \u00f6l\u00fc g\u00f6mme \u00e2deti a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemi; \u00e7o\u011fu yeti\u015fkin ve baz\u0131 \u00e7ocuklara uygu<\/p>\n

lanan ba\u015f\u0131n g\u00f6vdeden ayr\u0131larak y\u00fcz\u00fcn kille s\u0131van\u0131p, y\u00fcz organlar\u0131n\u0131n belirtilmesi ve a\u015f\u0131 boyas\u0131 ile boyanarak onlara canl\u0131l\u0131k kazand\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu uygulama ya Filistin, \u0130srail, \u00dcrd\u00fcn ve g\u00fcney Suriye\u2019de M.\u00d6. 10.000\u20138000 aras\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n

<\/span>AK MEDRESE<\/span><\/h3>\n

Ta\u00e7 kap\u0131s\u0131 \u00fczerindeki in\u015fa kitabesine g\u00f6re, 812 H.\/1409\u201310 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yapt\u0131ran Karamano\u011flu h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 Al\u00e2eddin Ali Bey\u2019in o\u011flu Ali Bey\u2019dir. Saruhan mahallesinde bulunan medresenin ta\u00e7 kap\u0131s\u0131 tamamen beyaz mermerden yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u201cAk Medrese\u201d ad\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir. Baz\u0131 onar\u0131mlarg\u00f6ren medrese g\u00fc n\u00fcm\u00fczde orijinalli\u011fini muhafaza etmektedir. Yap\u0131, a\u00e7\u0131k avlulu ve iki katl\u0131 medreseler grubuna girer. Alt iki kat eyvanl\u0131 bir \u015femaya sahipken, \u00fcst katta ise iki kat y\u00fcksekli\u011finde tutulan ana eyvan ile beraber d\u00f6rt eyvanl\u0131 bir d\u00fczenleme g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Medresenin plan \u015femas\u0131 son derece simetrik olup, plan d\u00fczenlemesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan T\u00fcrk medrese mimarisinde tek \u00f6rnektir. Yap\u0131 kuzey-g\u00fcney do\u011frultusundad\u0131r. Medresenin in\u015fas\u0131nda tamamen y\u00f6reye mahsus sar\u0131mt\u0131rak renkte trakit ta\u015f\u0131 kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yap\u0131da sade ta\u015f bezeme g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. S\u00fcsleme yo\u011funlu\u011fu ta\u00e7 kap\u0131dad\u0131r. Bezemeler al\u00e7ak ve y\u00fcksek kabartma tekni\u011findedir.<\/p>\n

<\/span>SOKULLU MEHMET PA\u015eA BEDESTEN\u0130<\/span><\/h3>\n

Kalenin g\u00fcneybat\u0131 taraf\u0131nda ve Sungur Bey Camii\u2019nin kuzeyinde yer al\u0131r. Osmanl\u0131 Sadrazamlar\u0131ndan Sokullu Mehmet Pa\u015fa taraf\u0131ndan yapt\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bedestenin in\u015fa kitabesi yoktur. Fakat Sokullu Mehmet Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n Evahiri Zilhicce 981H.\/1574 M. y\u0131l\u0131 nisan ay\u0131 sonlar\u0131na ait vakfi yesinde; Karaman vilayetinin Ni\u011fde sanca\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 Bor\u2019da alt\u0131nabe desten, \u00fcst\u00fcne cami ve yan\u0131na mektep ile Ni\u011fde\u2019de bedesten yapt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Vakfiyeye g\u00f6re bedestenin 1574 y\u0131l\u0131nda in\u015fa edildi\u011fi ortak g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc vard\u0131r. Fonksiyonunu yitiren yap\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitli onar\u0131mlardan ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Bedesten arasta \u015feklinde in\u015fa edilmi\u015ftir. Bu s\u0131n\u0131fa girenlerin en uzunudur. D\u0131\u015ftan yakla\u015f\u0131k 14.70×76.50 m \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclerindedir. T\u00fcrk bedesten mimarisinin en \u00f6nemlilerindendir. Yap\u0131 in\u015fas\u0131nda; sar\u0131mt\u0131rak renkte ince y\u00f6n\u00fc trakit ta\u015f\u0131 kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve itinal\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7ilik g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. \u00d6rt\u00fc sistemi \u00fcsten s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f toprak tabaka iledir. Do\u011fubat\u0131 do\u011frultudad\u0131r. Yap\u0131 olduk\u00e7a sade in\u015fa edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Bedestenin i\u00e7i; kuzey-g\u00fcney do\u011frultusunda uzanan ortalama 6.60×7.20 m boyutlar\u0131ndaki be\u015fik tonozlu soka\u011f\u0131n iki taraf\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 yerle\u015ftirilen ve do\u011fudan soka\u011fa a\u00e7\u0131lan toplam (48) d\u00fckkan ile do\u011fu kap\u0131s\u0131na ge\u00e7i\u015fi sa\u011flayan mekanlardan olu\u015fur. Bedestene kuzey, g\u00fcney ve do\u011fu cephenin ortas\u0131na yerle\u015ftirilen \u00fc\u00e7 kap\u0131dan girilmektedir. 2006 Y\u0131l\u0131nda bedesten Vak\u0131fl ar genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan restore edilmi\u015f, \u00fcst \u00f6rt\u00fc kur\u015fun kaplama ile kapat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

<\/span>N\u0130\u011eDE EVLER\u0130<\/span><\/h3>\n

Geleneksel Ni\u011fde evleri Ni\u011fde ili merkez Kad\u0131o\u011flu sokak ve Cullaz sokakta bulunmaktad\u0131r. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131 Kayaba\u015f\u0131 mahallesi, Kad\u0131o\u011flu sokakta ve Songur Mahallesinde yer alan bu yap\u0131 toplulu\u011fu Ni\u011fde kentindeki Geleneksel T\u00fcrk evi \u00f6zelliklerini ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir bi\u00e7imde yans\u0131tmaktad\u0131r. Yap\u0131lar\u0131n ana ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 eleman\u0131 olan duvarlar genelde ince y\u00f6n\u00fc, kaba y\u00f6n\u00fc ve moloz ta\u015ftan in\u015fa edilerek, duvar \u00f6rg\u00fcs\u00fcnde genellikle kum ve kire\u00e7 kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131ndan olu\u015fan har\u00e7 kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Genelinde duvarlarda ah\u015fap hat\u0131llara yer verilmi\u015ftir. Duvarlar\u0131n masifl i\u011fi \u00e7e\u015fitli say\u0131da pencerelerle
\ngiderilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6rt\u00fc sisteminde genelde ah\u015fap tavan tekni\u011fi ile do\u011frudan duvarlara,
\nsivri kemer yard\u0131m\u0131yla ta\u015f veya mermer ve ah\u015fap s\u00fctunlara istinat ettirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Sokaktaki yap\u0131lar genelde konut mimarisinde ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Zemin+1 katl\u0131 olup sokak ortas\u0131nda veya k\u00f6\u015fe ba\u015flar\u0131nda yo\u011funla\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Giri\u015fleri genelde \u00e7ift kanatl\u0131 ah\u015fap kap\u0131 iledir. Ah\u015fap kap\u0131dan zemine giri\u015f sa\u011flan\u0131r. Ara b\u00f6lmeden -genelinde- kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7ift veya tek ta\u015f basamaklarla birinci katta yer alan ah\u015fap balkona ula\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. Balkondan avluya ve avludan ise odalara ula\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. Zemin ve birinci kat, birbirine orant\u0131l\u0131 pencerelerle ayd\u0131nlatma sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Genelde yap\u0131ya ait bah\u00e7e vard\u0131r ve bah\u00e7e giri\u015f kap\u0131lar\u0131 an\u0131tsal \u00f6zelliktedir. Yap\u0131lar d\u00fcz daml\u0131 iken \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu k\u0131rma \u00e7at\u0131 ile \u00f6rt\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Bir\u00e7o\u011fu zaman\u0131nda \u00f6zg\u00fcn \u00f6zelli\u011fine sahipken zamanla bak\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k nedeniyle harap vaziyettedir. \u00c7o\u011funlu\u011fun da kitabe ve vakfi ye olmamas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n, kitabesi olan yap\u0131lar e\u015fli\u011finde, gerekse \u00fcslup bak\u0131m\u0131ndan 19.yy. Ge\u00e7 Osmanl\u0131 yap\u0131 topluluklar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

<\/span>ALADA\u011eLAR<\/span><\/h3>\n

Orta Toroslar\u2019\u0131n en y\u00fcksek b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc te\u015fkil eden Alada\u011flar Kayseri, Ni\u011fde ve Adana il s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde yer al\u0131rlar. Ancak b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Ni\u011fde ili, \u00c7amard\u0131 il\u00e7e s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde y\u00fckselen bu da\u011flar\u0131n bat\u0131s\u0131ndan Ecemi\u015f \u00c7ay\u0131, do\u011fusundan ise Zamant\u0131 Irma\u011f\u0131 akar. Alada\u011flar\u2019\u0131n bat\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izen Ecemi\u015f \u00c7ay\u0131 boyunca \u00c7ukurba\u011f ve Demirkaz\u0131k k\u00f6yleri yeral\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Toros-Alada\u011flar\u0131, do\u011fuda ise Barazama vadisinde son bulurlar. Alada\u011flar\u2019\u0131n bat\u0131s\u0131nda yer alan \u00c7ukurba\u011f ve Demirkaz\u0131k k\u00f6yleri ile do\u011fusunda yer alan Ulup\u0131nar \u201c Barazama\u201d bu y\u00fcksek da\u011fl\u0131k b\u00f6lgenin en \u00f6nemli k\u00f6y yerle\u015fim birimleridir.<\/p>\n

<\/span>GEZ\u0130 VE MES\u0130RE ALANLARI<\/span><\/h3>\n

KAYAARDI BA\u011eLARI<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u015eehir merkezinin bat\u0131s\u0131nda, Hamaml\u0131 ve Kumluca k\u00f6ylerine kadar devam eden ba\u011fl\u0131k b\u00f6lgedir. Uzun bir vadinin i\u00e7inden ge\u00e7en Uzand\u0131 deresi etraf\u0131nda yer alan ba\u011f evleri ve mesire alanlar\u0131 ile tan\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n

TEPE BA\u011eLARI<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ni\u011fde il merkezinin 5 km. bat\u0131s\u0131nda yer alan ba\u011f evleri ile tan\u0131nan bir mesire alan\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

FERTEK BA\u011eLARI<\/strong><\/p>\n

Fertek kasabas\u0131n\u0131n co\u011frafi yap\u0131s\u0131 ve etraf\u0131ndaki ba\u011fl\u0131k alanlar\u0131 i\u00e7erir,<\/p>\n

MAND\u0130LMOS<\/strong><\/p>\n

ad\u0131yla bilinen su kayna\u011f\u0131 \u00e7evre d\u00fczenlemesi yap\u0131larak park ve mesire yeri haline getirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

BAH\u00c7EL\u0130 KASABASI K\u00d6\u015eK MES\u0130RE YER\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ni\u011fde’ye 20 km. mesafede Bah\u00e7eli kasabas\u0131 yak\u0131n\u0131ndad\u0131r. Tarihi Roma Havuzu yak\u0131n\u0131ndaki a\u011fa\u00e7l\u0131k
\nalan d\u00fczenlenerek mesire yeri haline getirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

GEBERE BARAJI MES\u0130RE ALANI<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u015eehire 9 km mesafedeki Gebere baraj\u0131 \u00e7evresi a\u011fa\u00e7land\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve mesire alan\u0131 olarak d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Su kaynaklar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan zengindir.<\/p>\n

G\u00dcM\u00dc\u015eLER BARAJI<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u015eehire 8 km mesafedeki G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fler kasabas\u0131 ve baraj \u00e7evresini kapsar.<\/p>\n

KETEN \u00c7\u0130MEN\u0130 MES\u0130RE ALANI<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ni\u011fde ve \u00c7iftlik il\u00e7esi s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda, Tepek\u00f6y’e yak\u0131n konumdaki b\u00f6lgedir. K\u0131\u015f\u0131n tur kaya\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in elveri\u015fli bir aland\u0131r. Su kaynaklar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da zengin bir b\u00f6lgedir.<\/p>\n

DEM\u0130RKAZIK B\u00d6LGES\u0130 MES\u0130RE ALANI<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c7amard\u0131 il\u00e7esine ba\u011fl\u0131 Demirkaz\u0131k k\u00f6y\u00fc \u00e7evresindeki alanlard\u0131r. Ecemi\u015f suyunun \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lge, g\u00fcn\u00fcbirlik piknikler i\u00e7in elveri\u015flidir. Su kaynaklar\u0131 zengindir. Emli vadisindeki ormanl\u0131k b\u00f6lgede su kaynaklar\u0131 ancak vadi giri\u015findeki \u00e7e\u015fme ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcbirlik piknikler ve kamp kuracak uygun alanlar vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

<\/span>YAYLA TUR\u0130ZM\u0130<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00dclkemizde son y\u0131llarda \u00e7evre kirlili\u011fi ve denizlerin kalabal\u0131kla\u015f\u0131p, kirlenmesi sonucu daha bakir olan alanlar, turizm i\u00e7in bir alternatif olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur. Da\u011f ve yaylalar ilgi \u00e7ekmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

HASANDA\u011eI ULUKI\u015eLA YAYLASI<\/strong><\/p>\n

Altunhisar il\u00e7esine ba\u011fl\u0131 Uluk\u0131\u015fla kasabas\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inden ge\u00e7ilerek gidilir. Kasabaya 15 km uzakl\u0131ktad\u0131r. Uluk\u0131\u015flay\u0131 Melendize ba\u011flayan yol takip edilip yaylaya var\u0131labilir. 2300-2500 metre y\u00fckseklikte, su kayna\u011f\u0131 yayladaki \u00e7e\u015fme ve havuzudur. May\u0131s ay\u0131n\u0131n sonunda Uluk\u0131\u015fla Belediyesi taraf\u0131ndan yayla \u015fenlikleri yap\u0131larak tan\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

YE\u015e\u0130LYURT YAYLASI<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bor \u0130l\u00e7emize ba\u011fl\u0131 Ye\u015filyurt Kasabas\u0131’n\u0131n i\u00e7inden ge\u00e7ilerek gidilir. Yayla su kaynaklar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan zengindir. 10-12 km\u2019lik bir vadinin i\u00e7inde yer al\u0131r. Vadinin sonunda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kaya k\u00fctlesinin \u00fczerindeki kale kal\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 ilgin\u00e7tir.<\/p>\n

Yayla bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00e7e\u015fitlilik g\u00f6sterir. Y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f parkuru olarak da kullan\u0131labilir. Yaz aylar\u0131nda k\u00f6yl\u00fcler k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckba\u015f hayvanlar\u0131n pe\u015finden bu b\u00f6lgede 2 ay kadar kalarak peynir ve ya\u011f gereksinmelerini kar\u015f\u0131larlar. Folklorik \u00f6zellikler ta\u015f\u0131yan obalarda g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fam ilgin\u00e7tir.<\/p>\n

EML\u0130 VAD\u0130S\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c7amard\u0131 \u0130l\u00e7emize ba\u011fl\u0131 \u00c7ukurba\u011f K\u00f6y\u00fcne 7 km uzakl\u0131ktad\u0131r. Yaz aylar\u0131nda \u00c7ukurba\u011f ile \u00c7amard\u0131 k\u00f6yl\u00fclerinin yayla alan\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

MEYDAN YAYLASI<\/strong><\/p>\n

Uluk\u0131\u015fla \u0130l\u00e7emize ba\u011fl\u0131 Darbo\u011faz Kasabas\u0131’na 8 km uzakl\u0131ktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca Maden K\u00f6y\u00fc \u00fczerinden araba ile yaylaya ula\u015f\u0131labilir. G\u00fcn\u00fcbirlik geziler i\u00e7in uygun, su kaynaklar\u0131 zengin bir b\u00f6lgedir.<\/p>\n

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