{"id":42803,"date":"2025-02-01T11:05:58","date_gmt":"2025-02-01T08:05:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sanalulke.org\/?p=455"},"modified":"2025-02-01T11:14:21","modified_gmt":"2025-02-01T08:14:21","slug":"dort-halife-donemi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/buradasin.com.tr\/kutuphane\/dort-halife-donemi\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u00f6rt Halife D\u00f6nemi"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Peygamberimiz Hz. Muhammed&#8217;in (s.a.v) vefat\u0131ndan sonra \u0130slam devletinin ba\u015f\u0131na ge\u00e7en ilk 4 halifenin y\u00f6netimde oldu\u011fu d\u00f6neme \u0130slam tarihinde &#8220;<strong>4 Halife Devri<\/strong>&#8221; denir. 632 ile 661 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131n\u0131 kapsayan bu d\u00f6nemde s\u0131ras\u0131yla Hz. Ebu Bekir, Hz. \u00d6mer, Hz. Osman ve Hz. Ali halife olarak g\u00f6rev yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Halifeler se\u00e7imle i\u015f ba\u015f\u0131na gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>D\u00f6rt Halifeler Devri&#8217;nde (Hulefa-i Ra\u015fidin) ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen olaylar\u0131 k\u0131saca ve maddeler halinde \u015f\u00f6yle \u00f6zetleyebiliriz:<\/p>\n<h2>Hz. Ebu Bekir D\u00f6nemi<\/h2>\n<p>* Hz. Muhammed&#8217;in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan yalanc\u0131 peygamberler sorunu \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n<p>* \u0130slam&#8217;\u0131 b\u0131rakan ve zekat vermeyen kabileler kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>* Kuran-\u0131 Kerim tek bir ciltte toplanarak <b>mushaf<\/b> haline getirildi.<\/p>\n<p>* Kuzey topraklar\u0131nda (Suriye, Irak) olu\u015fan fitneyi \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in Hire Seferi yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>* Arabistan yar\u0131m adas\u0131 kontrol alt\u0131na girdi ve \u0130slam Birli\u011fi sa\u011fland\u0131.<\/p>\n<h2>Hz. \u00d6mer D\u00f6nemi:<\/h2>\n<p>* \u0130slamiyet Arap yar\u0131madas\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131na h\u0131zla yay\u0131lmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>* \u0130ran, Suriye, Filistin, Kud\u00fcs, Irak, M\u0131s\u0131r ve Libya fethedildi.<\/p>\n<p>* D\u00f6nemim iki s\u00fcper g\u00fcc\u00fc <b>Bizans ve Sasani<\/b>&#8216;lere kafa tutacak hale gelindi.<\/p>\n<p>* Hz. \u00d6mer&#8217;in adalet anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u0130slam topraklar\u0131na hakim oldu.<\/p>\n<p>* \u0130lk d\u00fczenli ordu kuruldu ve devlet te\u015fkilat\u0131 iyice benimsendi.<\/p>\n<p>* Divan ve hazine kuruldu.<\/p>\n<h2>Hz.Osman D\u00f6nemi:<\/h2>\n<p>* Hz. Osman&#8217;\u0131n soya dayanan y\u00f6netim anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 di\u011fer soylara mensup b\u00fcy\u00fckler taraf\u0131ndan ho\u015f kar\u015f\u0131lanmad\u0131 ve te\u015fkilatta ilk \u00e7atlaklar olu\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>* Tunus ve K\u0131br\u0131s, Rodos ve Grit adas\u0131 feth edildi.<\/p>\n<p>* Horasan ve Harzem b\u00f6lgelerine ula\u015f\u0131ld\u0131, b\u00f6ylece <b>Arap &#8211; T\u00fcrk<\/b> ili\u015fkileri ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n<p>* Kuran-\u0131 Kerim mushaflar\u0131 kopyalanarak <b>\u00e7o\u011falt\u0131ld\u0131<\/b> ve valiliklere g\u00f6nderildi.<\/p>\n<p>* \u0130lk ayaklanmalar bu d\u00f6nemde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n<h2>Hz. Ali D\u00f6nemi:<\/h2>\n<p>* \u0130slamda ilk b\u00fcy\u00fck karga\u015fa bu d\u00f6nemde meydana geldi.<\/p>\n<p>* Siyasi mezheplerin olu\u015fmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7acak sava\u015flar meydana geldi.<\/p>\n<p>* <b>Cemel Vakas\u0131, S\u0131ffin Sava\u015f\u0131 ve Hakem Olay\u0131<\/b>&#8216;nda m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar birbirleriyle sava\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>* M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar \u00fc\u00e7e ayr\u0131ld\u0131lar. Hz. Ali&#8217;nin taraftarlar\u0131 (<b>\u015eiiler<\/b>), Hz. Muaviye taraftarlar\u0131 (<b>S\u00fcnniler<\/b>) ve bu ikisini de tutmayanlar (<b>Hariciler<\/b>).<\/p>\n<p>Hz. Ali&#8217;nin 661 y\u0131l\u0131nda Hariciler taraf\u0131ndan \u015fehit edilmesiyle <b>d\u00f6rt halife d\u00f6nemi<\/b> sona ermi\u015ftir. Bundan sonra Hz. Ali taraftarlar\u0131, o\u011flu <b>Hz. Hasan<\/b>&#8216;\u0131 Kufe&#8217;de halife se\u00e7seler de <b>Hz. Muaviye<\/b>&#8216;nin bask\u0131lar\u0131 sonucunda Muaviye halifeli\u011fi ge\u00e7erli oldu.<\/p>\n  <div class=\"related-post grid\">\r\n      <div class=\"post-list \">\r\n\r\n            <div class=\"item\">\r\n          \r\n  <a class=\"title post_title\"  title=\"D\u00f6rt Halife D\u00f6nemi\" href=\"https:\/\/buradasin.com.tr\/kutuphane\/dort-halife-donemi\/\">\r\n        D\u00f6rt Halife D\u00f6nemi  <\/a>\r\n\r\n        <\/div>\r\n              <div class=\"item\">\r\n          \r\n  <a class=\"title post_title\"  title=\"Peygamberimizin ilk Cuma Hutbesi\" href=\"https:\/\/buradasin.com.tr\/kutuphane\/peygamberimizin-ilk-cuma-hutbesi\/\">\r\n        Peygamberimizin ilk Cuma Hutbesi  <\/a>\r\n\r\n        <\/div>\r\n              <div class=\"item\">\r\n          \r\n  <a class=\"title post_title\"  title=\"Hz Muhammedin G\u00fczel Ahlak\u0131\" href=\"https:\/\/buradasin.com.tr\/kutuphane\/hz-muhammedin-guzel-ahlaki\/\">\r\n        Hz Muhammedin G\u00fczel Ahlak\u0131  <\/a>\r\n\r\n        <\/div>\r\n              <div class=\"item\">\r\n          \r\n  <a class=\"title post_title\"  title=\"Peygamberimizin (s.a.v.) 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Gen\u00e7li\u011fi  <\/a>\r\n\r\n        <\/div>\r\n      \r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  <script>\r\n      <\/script>\r\n  <style>\r\n    .related-post {}\r\n\r\n    .related-post .post-list {\r\n      text-align: left;\r\n          }\r\n\r\n    .related-post .post-list .item {\r\n      margin: 10px;\r\n      padding: 0px;\r\n          }\r\n\r\n    .related-post .headline {\r\n      font-size: 18px !important;\r\n      color: #0b244c !important;\r\n          }\r\n\r\n    .related-post .post-list .item .post_title {\r\n      font-size: 16px;\r\n      color: #080f35;\r\n      margin: 10px 0px;\r\n      padding: 0px;\r\n      display: block;\r\n      text-decoration: none;\r\n          }\r\n\r\n    .related-post .post-list .item .post_thumb {\r\n      max-height: 220px;\r\n      margin: 10px 0px;\r\n      padding: 0px;\r\n      display: block;\r\n          }\r\n\r\n    .related-post .post-list .item .post_excerpt {\r\n      font-size: 13px;\r\n      color: #050b21;\r\n      margin: 10px 0px;\r\n      padding: 0px;\r\n      display: block;\r\n      text-decoration: none;\r\n          }\r\n\r\n    @media only screen and (min-width: 1024px) {\r\n      .related-post .post-list .item {\r\n        width: 45%;\r\n      }\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    @media only screen and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1023px) {\r\n      .related-post .post-list .item {\r\n        width: 90%;\r\n      }\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    @media only screen and (min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 767px) {\r\n      .related-post .post-list .item {\r\n        width: 90%;\r\n      }\r\n    }\r\n\r\n      <\/style>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Peygamberimiz Hz. Muhammed&#8217;in (s.a.v) vefat\u0131ndan sonra \u0130slam devletinin ba\u015f\u0131na ge\u00e7en ilk 4 halifenin y\u00f6netimde oldu\u011fu d\u00f6neme \u0130slam tarihinde &#8220;4 Halife Devri&#8221; denir. 632 ile 661 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131n\u0131 kapsayan bu d\u00f6nemde s\u0131ras\u0131yla Hz. Ebu Bekir, Hz. \u00d6mer, Hz. Osman ve Hz. Ali halife olarak g\u00f6rev yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Halifeler se\u00e7imle i\u015f ba\u015f\u0131na gelmi\u015ftir. D\u00f6rt Halifeler Devri&#8217;nde (Hulefa-i Ra\u015fidin) [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,29],"tags":[4587,4584,3195,571,4346,4586,4585],"class_list":["post-42803","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-dunya","category-tarih","tag-cemel-vakasi","tag-halife","tag-hz-ali","tag-hz-muhammed","tag-hz-osman","tag-hz-ebu-bekir","tag-hz-omer"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradasin.com.tr\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42803","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradasin.com.tr\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradasin.com.tr\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradasin.com.tr\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradasin.com.tr\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=42803"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/buradasin.com.tr\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42803\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":50996,"href":"https:\/\/buradasin.com.tr\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42803\/revisions\/50996"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradasin.com.tr\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=42803"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradasin.com.tr\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=42803"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradasin.com.tr\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=42803"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}